Nama : Rima Rahmawaty
NPM : 16209749
Kelas : 4EA15
Tugas : Softskill Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Conditional
sentences
are sentences expressing factual implications, or hypothetical
situations and their consequences. They are so called because the
validity of the main clause of the sentence is conditional
on the existence of certain circumstances, which may be expressed in a dependent
clause or may be understood from the context.
There are
three types conditional sentences:
Type I : Future conditional sentences
Type II : Present conditional
sentences
Type III : Past conditional sentences
Type I
Future conditional sentences
Future
conditional sentences is used to talk about possible situations in the future.
Examples:
1.
If your
manager calls me, I shall meet him.
2.
If you
invite me, I shall enjoy your party.
3.
If I have
time, I will come to see you.
4.
If John
finishes study this year, he will work at Garuda C.O.
5.
If you
reserve your ticket today, you will leave from Jakarta tomorrow.
Pattern:
IF + S +
VI(es) + O + (adv) + S + will/shall + VI + O + (adv)
Simple present Present future
Sub
klause
Main klause
It means:
It is possible for…..to VI………and
1. a. It is possible for your manager
to call me and
b. It is possible for me to meet him.
2. a. It is possible for you to invite
me and
b. It is possible for me to enjoy your party.
3. a. It is possible for me to have
time and
b. It is possible for me to come to see you.
4. a. It is possible for John to finish
his study this year and
b. It is possible for him to work at Garuda C.O.
5. a. It is possible for you to reserve
your ticket today and
b. It is possible for you to leave from Jakarta
tomorrow.
Type II
Present conditional sentences
Conditional sentence is used to talk about
actions or situations that are not taking place in the present (contrary to the
fact).
Examples:
1.
If I were a
manager, I should work at Mandari hotel.
2.
If they were
here, we should invite them for the party.
3.
If you came
on time, we should meet on time.
4.
If she
worked hard, he should get a lot of money.
5.
If they were
diligent to work, our manager should not be angry with them.
Pattern A:
IF + S + VII
+ (O) + (adv), S + would/should + VI + (O)
Simple past
Past future
This sentence patterns can be reversed without
changing the meaning.
Pattern B:
S +
would/should + VI + (O), if + S + VII + (O) + (adv)
Past
future
Simple past
Examples:
1.
I should
work at Mandari hotel, If I were a manager.
2.
We should
invite them for the party, If they were here.
3.
We should
meet on time, If you came on time.
4.
He should
get a lot of money, If she worked hard.
5.
Our manager
should not be angry with them, If they were diligent to work.
It means
(real fact):
S +
don’t/doesn’t + VI + O + so that + S + don’t/doesn’t + VI
OR
S +
don’t/doesn’t + VI + O + because + S + don’t/doesn’t + VI
Note:
- So that is used to if in front of a sentences.
- Because is used to if in the middle sentences.
Pattern A: If you called me today, I should visit you.
It means : You
don't call me today so that I don't visit you.
Pattern B: I should visit Mary, If she called me
today.
It means : I don't visit Mary because she doesn't call
me today.
Type III
Past
conditional sentences
Conditional
sentence is used to talk about actions or situations that did not take or were
not taking place in the past (contrary to the fact and past situation).
Examples:
1.
If our
manager had been at hotel yesterday, I should have met him.
2.
If Lucinda
had studied hard last year, she should have finished her study.
3.
If they had
booked some rooms last week, they should have stayed at our hotel last night.
4.
If I had
been well yesterday, I should have joined you.
Pattern A:
If + S + had
+ VIII + O + (adv), S + should/would + have + VIII + O + (adv)
Past
perfect
Past future perfect
This position of sentence patterns can be changed without changing the meaning.
Pattern B:
S + should/would + have + VIII + O + (adv), If + S + had + VIII + O + (adv)
Examples:
1.
I should
have met him, If our manager had been at hotel yesterday.
2.
She should
have finished her study, If Lucinda had studied hard last year.
3.
They should
have stayed at our hotel last night, If they had booked some rooms last week
4.
I should
have joined you, If I had been well yesterday.
It means/ real fact: Past situation and contrary to the fact.
S + didn't +
VI + so that + S + didn't + VI
OR
S + didn't +
VI + because + S + didn't + VI
Examples:
1.
If you had
finished your work last night, we should have gone to tne cinema.
It means: you didn’t finish your
work last night so that we didn’t go to the cinema.
2.
If Annie had
reserved her ticket three years ago, she should have got a flight to Denpasar
yesterday.
It means: Annie didn’t reserve her
ticket three days ago so that she didn’t get a flight to Denpasar yesterday.
3.
They should
have stayed in our hotel last night because they had booked the rooms before.
It means: they didn’t stay in our
hotel last night because they didn’t book the rooms before.
Sumber:
Tambunan, Tony. (2007). English
grammar for Paramitha tourism high school. Jakarta.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_sentence
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences